The doctor called the non-obvious symptoms of asthma

Suffocation, difficulty exhaling and "whistling" when breathing are symptoms of asthma. However, this disease can also manifest itself through coughing. Olga Tsagaraeva, a pulmonologist at JSC Meditsina (Academician Roitberg Clinic), told Izvestia on April 22 how to recognize the first symptoms and live a full life with this diagnosis.

She explained that in addition to the classic manifestations of asthma, there is also a cough form of the disease, in which the only symptom may be a cough, both dry and with sputum separation. The disease often develops against the background of allergic reactions, so it is important to pay attention to the relationship of symptoms with potential allergens.

The expert identified the main factors provoking exacerbations: household allergens: dust, animal hair, pollen, respiratory infections, smoking, including passive smoking, stressful situations and sudden temperature changes. Without proper treatment, asthma progresses and can lead to dangerous complications, including pulmonary emphysema and heart failure.

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According to her, to diagnose the disease, a pulmonologist conducts a comprehensive examination, including spirometry with a bronchodilator test, blood and sputum tests, and, if necessary, X—rays or computed tomography. Treatment consists of two areas: emergency care during seizures with bronchodilators and basic therapy with inhaled glucocorticosteroids, which relieve inflammation in the bronchi. In case of allergic asthma, allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) may be indicated.

"Emergency medications are bronchodilators. Their advantage is to quickly stop the attack, but this is not the main treatment. Frequent use of bronchodilators — more often than once or twice a day - is a reason to consult a pulmonologist to correct basic therapy," Tsagaraeva emphasized.

To maintain the quality of life, the doctor recommends that patients avoid contact with triggers, adhere to a balanced diet, control physical activity — swimming, walking and yoga are preferred — and do not skip taking prescribed medications even during periods of remission. In the cold season, you should breathe through your nose or use a scarf to warm the air.

"Asthma is a serious disease, but with the right approach it is possible to control it, achieve stable remission and a full life. The main thing is not to ignore the first symptoms, consult a doctor in a timely manner and strictly follow the recommendations of specialists," Tsagaraeva concluded.

On April 2, Andrey Kostikov, a therapist at Dr. Alexandrovsky's Medical Center, told Izvestia about possible diseases with shortness of breath. He explained that shortness of breath can be associated with a disease of the heart, lungs or nervous system. At the same time, if a feeling of lack of air occurs suddenly and is accompanied by a high fever or chest pain, you should immediately contact an ambulance.