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- Accounting period: the authorities will recalculate all apartment buildings in Russia
Accounting period: the authorities will recalculate all apartment buildings in Russia
All residential buildings in Russia will be recalculated and entered into a single database, where their technical characteristics and condition will be indicated. Such amendments to the draft law adopted in 2017 in the first reading were approved by the Cabinet of Ministers. Currently, information about the housing stock is in different databases, so the exact number of properties is unknown. It is proposed to include them in the general database, where the technical condition, including the accident rate, will be indicated. The State Duma reported that the lack of data on the condition of an apartment building limits development planning and the formation of repair programs. Whether the new changes will bring order to the real estate sector is in the Izvestia article.
How many residential buildings are there in Russia
An inventory of all apartment buildings will be conducted in Russia. Eight years after the adoption in the first reading of the draft law "On Amendments to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation", amendments to it were approved on April 7 by the government commission on legislative activity. This was reported to Izvestia by sources in the Cabinet of Ministers.
The bill was considered by the State Duma in 2017 in the first reading. The amendments to the Housing Code were supposed to clarify the concept of state accounting of housing stock as an activity "for collecting, processing and storing information about housing stock facilities reflecting their technical characteristics and condition," follows from the explanatory note. Information about the objects will be in the form of electronic passports in GIS housing and communal services.
The bill is planned to be considered in the State Duma in the near future. As Sergey Pakhomov, chairman of the State Duma Committee on Construction and Housing and Communal Services, pointed out, the changes will actually allow the restoration of state housing accounting.
— Now such accounting is not carried out, and this is a very big problem, — he stressed. — We have regions where the technical inventory bureau system works. This is Tatarstan, the Moscow region, for example. But even in those regions where technical accounting has been preserved, it does not function to the same extent as before.
According to him, the lack of data on the condition of an apartment building means that it is not possible to plan development, form high-quality repair programs, and management organizations do not have the opportunity to consult reliable technical documents in order to maintain residential buildings well and correctly.
"At a minimum, we consider it necessary to give the regions the right to restore technical accounting in their territories," the parliamentarian stressed. — We plan to return to the substantive consideration of this issue in the State Duma in May.
The draft amendments, which were considered by the Board of Directors eight years later, clarify the concept of "state accounting of housing stock", which is the activity of collecting, summarizing and systematizing information on the technical characteristics and condition of housing stock contained in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities and electronic passports of apartment buildings and residential buildings.
The amendments will improve the mechanism of legal regulation of the state accounting of housing stock, said Vladimir Gruzdev, Chairman of the Board of the Association of Lawyers of Russia. According to him, the amendments clarify the regulation of the presentation of information included in the electronic passport of an apartment building (MCD) and an apartment building, as well as the composition of such information.
— It is envisaged that the form of the electronic passport of a residential building, the order of its formation and the composition of the information included in it are established by the Ministry of Construction, — he added.
Where will the capital repair funds go?
The developer of an apartment building or a low-rise residential complex, as Vladimir Gruzdev pointed out, is charged with the obligation to place an electronic passport of an MCD or an electronic passport of an apartment building in the GIS housing and communal services.
— The deadline stipulated by the amendments for the entry into force of the draft law is from September 1, 2025, — the expert noted.
Currently, the provisions on state accounting of housing stock are contained in Government Decree No. 1301. According to him, the basis of such accounting is technical accounting, carried out regardless of the ownership of the housing fund according to a single system, by conducting a technical inventory. At the same time, technical accounting is assigned to specialized state and municipal organizations — unitary enterprises, services, departments, centers, bureaus.
The amendments also indicate that information on the technical condition of apartment buildings based on the results of their inspection will be entered into the electronic database for more efficient capital repairs, the expert of the Popular Front project added. Analytics" Pavel Sklyanchuk.
— Such a system existed until 2008, there were bureaus of technical inventory at the federal level, — he recalled. — Then they were abolished, and since then such information has not been accumulated. Since the law on capital repairs in houses was adopted in 2014, it became necessary to determine objective criteria for the need of residential buildings for certain types of work.
Currently, the most popular way to prioritize work is the date of construction. However, according to Pavel Sklyanchuk, the age of the building does not always show the actual state of wear.
"The house may be old, dating back to tsarist Russia, but it is strong enough and still maintains normal living conditions," he gave an example. — At the same time, there are houses built during the Soviet period, post-war or pre-war, and many of them have long since turned into dust, since wooden materials were used for house construction.
The main problem that delayed the adoption of the bill so much was the financing of this system. Now it will come from the federal budget, which should make capital repair programs more efficient.
How will the measures affect the tenants
A similar inventory is currently being conducted among government-owned lands for development, it will last until 2027, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Marat Khusnullin said at a meeting of the Board of the Federal Property Management Agency in mid-March.
Currently, data on residential buildings in Russia is scattered across different databases: Rosstat has some figures, housing and communal services has others, and municipalities have others, said Valery Tumin, director of markets in Russia and the CIS at fam Properties. Because of this, no one knows exactly how many residential buildings there are in the country and in what condition they are.
— Officially, there are, say, 3 million houses, but in fact there may be 7 million, they are simply not included in any system, — he noted. — This is a hole in accounting, and it leads to a lot of problems. A single base is exactly what is needed to end this chaos.
In addition, finding information in different databases creates duplicates, gaps, inaccuracies and makes accurate planning, management and investment analysis impossible, added Evgeny Tkachev, a real estate market expert.
— Creating a single digital platform based on the "one window" principle solves several tasks at once: updating technical data about each residential building: year of construction, design features, degree of wear, condition of engineering systems, — said the expert. — Integration of all registers into one architecture with access for the state, management organizations and owners.
As well as planning capital investments in repairs, modernization, electrification and gasification — based on objective data. Control and transparency of the use of funds from the Housing and Communal Services Capital Repairs and Subsidies Fund. Legalization of the unaccounted—for fund - with the withdrawal of residential housing facilities from the shadows and simplification of access to mortgages and purchase and sale.
— Support for urban planning policy through a digital picture of the density, deterioration and distribution of housing stock, — added Evgeny Tkachev.
Vladimir Zhokov, a real estate expert, agreed with him. According to him, all information about houses, capital repairs, tariffs, management companies and the technical condition of buildings becomes available in one system, which means that investors and buyers will be able to quickly check the condition of the house, when the repairs were done, who manages, whether there are debts and complaints.
— For developers, it's clean data, it's easier to analyze old housing stock — to identify areas where there is a demand for renovation or integrated development, — he explained. — For the state, it is possible to plan modernization programs, subsidies and inspections more precisely.
For the state, a single database is a tool for managing the housing stock, Valery Tumin noted.
— There is an accurate understanding of how many houses, where, in what condition, which require urgent intervention, where to plan resettlement programs, and where to overhaul, — said the expert. — This is the basis for a normal, effective housing policy. In addition, this is also a control: situations are excluded when the same house is listed in different registers with different characteristics and double expenses are incurred.
In addition, there will be transparency — both for people and for the authorities, he added.
— Secondly, it will be possible to control housing and communal services costs more precisely, to identify fraud and "dead souls" in housing subsidies faster, - said Valery Tumin. — Thirdly, this is a step towards digitalization of the industry: without a single database, it is impossible to build a truly digital management system for cities and housing and communal services.
The digital passport system is the basis for the digital transformation of housing and communal services, housing management and long—term strategic planning at the regional and national levels, experts emphasized.
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