It's about technology: scientists have shown an unmanned gyroplane and a device for the treatment of ADHD

The main topic of the second day of the V Congress of Young Scientists was nuclear technologies. During several sessions, the participants discussed the development of key areas in this field, from their origin at the height of the Great Patriotic War to modern applications in energy, medicine, and basic science. The conversation also touched upon future projects such as mobile nuclear power plants and fusion reactors. Among the most striking scientific achievements presented on the sidelines of the congress on this day are the progenitor of a new agricultural rabbit breed, Cloud, an unmanned hybrid of an airplane and helicopter, as well as a complex for the treatment of ADHD symptoms in children. For more information, see the Izvestia article.

Discussions about the atom

Nuclear technologies became the key topic of the second day of the Congress of Young Scientists. Session "80th anniversary of the nuclear industry. Pride. Inspiration. Dream" was dedicated to the anniversary of the industry. The participants discussed how the country managed to become a world leader in the use of atomic energy, as well as the prospects for further development of the field. As the moderator, Assistant to the President of the Russian Federation Andrey Fursenko, noted, solving the problem of creating nuclear weapons and nuclear energy was critically important for the very existence of the state and determined the future of the whole world for decades to come.

According to the participant in the discussion, Mikhail Kovalchuk, President of the Kurchatov Institute, the Soviet atomic project was realized thanks to a deep fundamental school in the field of nuclear physics, the correct organization of the project, which became possible largely due to mutual understanding between the USSR leadership and scientists.

— To make such a grandiose project, it is necessary to have a mining and processing industry, mechanical engineering and, most importantly, deep science. We had a huge scientific reserve. In the 1920s and 1930s, nuclear physics developed thanks to people like Abram Fedorovich Ioffe, who raised a galaxy of people at the Leningrad Institute of Physics and Technology, future participants in the atomic project, who made up the glory and pride of the country. These are Igor Kurchatov, Anatoly Alexandrov, Yuli Khariton, Isaac Kikoin and others," Mikhail Kovalchuk said.

The creators of Russian nuclear weapons and energy have made an important contribution to the development of nuclear medicine, said Veronika Skvortsova, head of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency.

— For the first time in 1945, Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov started talking about non-weaponized radioisotopes and the first laboratory for their creation, the first reactors appeared at the Burnazyan Medical Center. In fact, by 1961, all major clinics in the Soviet Union were provided with the first domestic device for radiation therapy based on gamma emitters," said Veronika Skvortsova.

The topic of nuclear technology was continued at the session "From the first nuclear power plant in Russia to global technological Leadership." Its moderator, Alexey Likhachev, CEO of Rosatom Corporation, recalled that in June 1954, the world's first nuclear power plant was connected to the USSR power grid in Obninsk, which marked the beginning of our country's leadership in this field.

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Continuing the discussion, Mikhail Kovalchuk drew attention to the fact that about 30 types of reactors had been created under the leadership of the Kurchatov Institute. This became the basis for the further development of science and energy.

— We have been developing reactor life extension technologies. Initially, it was thought that the reactors would operate for about 40 years, after which they would have to be shut down — and this is an extremely expensive process. Our scientists have developed a reduction annealing technology that allows extending the life of reactors to almost 100 years. Recently, this technology was applied at one of the units of the Balakovo NPP. This alone has already resulted in savings of 164 billion rubles," said the president of the Kurchatov Institute.

The discussion of nuclear technologies that day ended at the session "Atom should be a worker, not a soldier," moderated by Mikhail Kovalchuk. The discussion included a number of topics: from the use of the atom for the exploration of the Arctic, the Northern Sea Route and space, the creation of mobile and floating power units, to the prospects for reproducing processes that occur on the Sun, in controlled fusion plants.

What was presented at the exhibition

In addition to the discussion program, the V Congress of Young Scientists, held on November 26-28 at Sirius University of Science and Technology, has become the largest exhibition venue. More than 60 exhibitors — leading universities, companies and scientific and educational centers - presented their scientific developments, high—tech solutions and technological innovations.

A real favorite of the guests was a rabbit named Cloud, which could be seen on the site of the University's Technological Entrepreneurship Platform. Unusually large, with soft snow—white fur, she immediately attracted the attention of visitors - any farmer would willingly take on a farm. Cloud is the result of many years of breeding work by Soviet and Russian specialists, it will become the progenitor of a new domestic agricultural breed, which will be distinguished by valuable qualities, including increased resistance to dangerous diseases.

— We are engaged in the conservation and improvement of domestic rabbits. Cloud is a representative of the White Giant breed. She is now six months old and already weighs 6 kg, but she will continue to grow. We are improving their breeding technology through artificial insemination and making this breed immune to major diseases, such as viral homologous disease of rabbits. This is a dangerous infection that can kill an animal literally overnight. The creation of a resistant subspecies will be a real breakthrough on a global scale," Oleg Bugach, a representative of the Krolselection startup, told Izvestia.

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The attention of the congress participants was also attracted by an unusual aircraft with two propellers: one located in front, the other on top. This is the first Russian unmanned gyroplane hybrid aircraft and helicopter. It is driven by the front engine, and the upper blades are spun by air currents. This design ensures minimal fuel consumption. In addition, the gyroplane is considered one of the safest types of air transport: even in case of engine failure, the vehicle is able to gently descend due to the freely rotating main rotor.

— This is the GY-500 model with a 200 kg load capacity. Gyroplanes are very popular in China. Ours is represented in an agricultural variant for irrigation of fields. In addition, it can be used for cargo transportation or monitoring, as it can fly for up to 11 hours on a single tank of fuel. We also consider it as a platform for a drone swarm. We are preparing for its mass production, as many foreign partners have already expressed interest in the project. The cost of the gyroplane is 16 million rubles," said Alina Aliyeva, project manager of the Scientific and Engineering Company.

A small box with eight golden electrodes and a textile cap is presented at the stand of the Moscow Innovation Cluster. This is a device for automatic electroencephalogram removal in children with ADHD. The system allows you to track and adjust their brain states using special games on your smartphone. Such classes work according to the principle of sports training: the more regularly they are conducted, the better the "shape" of the nervous system becomes.

— This is a hardware and software package for alleviating ADHD symptoms in children from three to 13 years old with wireless EEG. With the help of special biofeedback training in a playful way, children can develop concentration and self—regulation skills under the supervision of a specialist, and then at home," Alexey Khalezov, head of Neiry products, told Izvestia.

Classes lasting from 15 minutes are held every two days. The results appear after 15-20 trainings, the specialist explained.